Background: Exposure to ozone and fine particulate matter (PM2.5) can cause adverse health effects, including premature mortality due to cardiopulmonary diseases and lung cancer. Recent studies quantify global air pollution mortality but not the contribution of different emissions sectors, or they focus on a specific sector.Objectives: Authors  estimated the global mortality burden of anthrop...

This report quantifies, for the first time, the global health loss from injuries and air pollution that can be attributed to motorized road transport. It combines estimates of the global burden of road injuries based on a large pool of new data from the most information-poor regions with estimates of the health effects of pollution from vehicles. The results of this analysis show the following:Mot...

China’s fuel quality standards and fuel supply management have long been an impediment to improved air quality by hindering the progress of vehicle emission control. This paper summarizes the status of China’s fuel quality standards, fuel supply and vehicle emission standards focusing on the major problems of fuel quality management. The mechanism that China uses to establish its fuel quality stan...

Global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions grew by 51% from 1990 to 2021. These emissions are causing the planet to warm at an alarming rate and contributing to the increasingly devastating storms, floods, fires and heatwaves the world is now grappling with.But where exactly do emissions come from?WRI's Climate Watch platform publishes comprehensive emissions data for all countries, sectors and gases, ...

This chapter examines the transport sector’s role in climate change mitigation. It appraises the transport system’s interactions beyond the technology of vehicles and fuels to include the full lifecycle analysis of mitigation options, a review of enabling conditions, and metrics that can facilitate advancing transport decarbonisation goals. The chapter assesses developments in the systems of land-...

This report aims to strengthen the evidence base for tackling the health effects of road transport as a key element of the human capital agenda, particularly across emerging and developing economies. It presents the findings of analytical work conducted to assess the health and economic effects of increased road transport motorization. It also provides evidence-based recommendations to inform the ...

This edition of the Global Energy Review is the first comprehensive depiction of the trends that took place in 2024 across the entire energy sector, covering data for all fuels and technologies, all regions and major countries, and energy-related carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions.The latest data show that the world’s appetite for energy rose at a faster-than-average pace in 2024, resulting in higher ...

Euro VI diesel engines contribute significantly to vehicle emission reductions because they have advanced emission control aftertreatment systems for particulate matter (PM) and nitrogen oxides (NOx). These systems are sensitive to the sulfur content in diesel fuel, and for this reason, most major vehicle markets have progressively limited fuel sulfur content to 10 parts per million (ppm), also kn...

The IEA’s Tracking Transport webpage provides detailed and up-to-date information on how the global transport sector is evolving toward clean energy and climate targets. The page includes data on emissions trends, energy use by fuel type, adoption of electric vehicles, and progress on efficiency and policy measures across different regions and transport modes. It also highlights how current develo...

The Working Group III report provides an updated global assessment of climate change mitigation progress and pledges, and examines the sources of global emissions. It explains developments in emission reduction and mitigation efforts, assessing the impact of national climate pledges in relation to long-term emissions goals.The Summary for Policymakers (SPM) provides a high-level summary of the key...