This study aimed to quantify the health and economic impacts of air pollution—fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and ground-level Ozone (O3), which exceeded the local and global ambient air quality standards—in Jakarta Province, the capital of Indonesia. The selected health outcomes included adverse health outcomes in children, all-cause mortality, and daily hospitalizations. By using local data to q...

Every year, air pollution is responsible for the deaths of over 600,000 children under 5 years of age (UNICEF, 2016). Air pollution is especially harmful to young children as their bodies and brains are still developing, and they lack the natural defence mechanisms to fend off harmful pollutants. They also breath up to five times faster than adults, and with every breath, take in more air per unit...

This study’s objective was to thoroughly evaluate associations between PM pollutants and cardiovascular disease mortality. It analyzed daily data on cardiovascular disease mortality, PM (PM10 and PM2.5) pollutants and meteorological variables in Shanghai, China, from 2003 to 2020. The study found that PM pollutants had a significant association with cardiovascular disease mortality during the stud...

This report provides a pragmatic guide to the use of low-cost sensors, based on applied research and field experience, including the identification of monitoring objectives and the questions for which LCSs can be used, technical specifications, and quality assurance/quality control. This report focuses on the use of low cost sensors (LCS) for the measurement of the mass concentration of PM2.5, the...

In considering the critical need to address air pollution in the Asia-Pacific region, where air quality has declined due to traffic, industrialization, and energy use, the report emphasizes the importance of air quality monitoring, reducing urban and household emissions, and transitioning to cleaner energy and sustainable practices. The paper also makes recommendations for priority to ensure that ...

The goal of this document is to provide field operators with an organized framework for successfully deploying filter samplers for a multi-year sampling campaign. Steps outlined here will benefit the scientists and technicians involved by providing a simple and repeatable procedure for sampling using ARA N-FRM filter samplers. These steps will improve the quality and reliability of the data result...

OpenAQ Explorer is an interactive way to explore OpenAQ's global repository of open air quality measurements. OpenAQ is the world's largest open-source, open-access database of real-time and historical air quality data. OpenAQ aggregates and harmonizes disparate measurements from government-measured and research-grade monitors, as well as air sensors. For full access to OpenAQ's database, visit Op...

This procedure outlines the basic field operation steps for sampling of ambient air at permanent monitoring sites and roadside locations. The air pollutants assessed at each site or location are PM10 and PM2.5. Thermo-Andersen SSI PM10 samplers will be used at the permanent sites and Airmetrics MiniVol PM10 samplers will be used at the roadside locations to collect PM10. ARA N-FRM PM2.5 samplers a...

This document is intended to provide additional guidance to assist personnel using reference methods or Class I equivalent methods to monitor ambient air for particles with an aerodynamic diameter nominally equal to or less than 2.5 micrometers (ȝm), known as PM2.5. The formal specifications for PM2.5 reference method samplers and reference method measurements are set forth in the U.S. Environment...

This standard operating procedure (SOP) for the Beta Attenuation Monitor Model 1020 (BAM-1020) is derived from the Met One Instruments, Inc. (Met One) BAM 1020 Particulate Monitor Operation Manual (Rev G) (Met One Instruments, 2008), and from SOPs submitted by BAM-1020 users from different regions of the United States with expertise in one or more areas involving setting up, operating, maintaining...