In-use vehicles are a major source of greenhouse gases, short-lived climate pollutants, and criteria air pollutants (UNEP/CCAC, 2025). While vehicle emission standards address new vehicles, Inspection and Maintenance (I/M) programs are the primary tool for controlling emissions from the existing fleet. This role is critical because modern emission-control technologies are highly sensitive to poor ...

Road-transport vehicles are a major source of greenhouse gases (GHGs), short-lived climate pollutants (SLCPs), and harmful emissions like particulate matter and nitrogen oxides (IPCC, 2022). Because these pollutants are largely determined at the point of design, governments use legally binding vehicle-emission standards—alongside fuel quality—as a primary regulatory tool. These standards set maxim...

Open waste burning (OWB) refers to the deliberate or spontaneous combustion of household and other municipal refuse without any control of emissions.  38% of global waste, 810 million tonnes per year, is ‘uncontrolled’ (UNEP, 2024), which means it is either openly dumped or burned.  Globally, 14% of people burn their waste as the primary means of managing it when it leaves their home, ri...

Open waste burning (OWB) refers to the deliberate or spontaneous combustion of household and other municipal refuse without any control of emissions.  38% of global waste, 810 million tonnes per year, is ‘uncontrolled’ (UNEP, 2024), which means it is either openly dumped or burned.  Globally, 14% of people burn their waste as the primary means of managing it when it leaves their home, ri...

Open waste burning (OWB) refers to the deliberate or spontaneous combustion of household and other municipal refuse without any control of emissions.  38% of global waste, 810 million tonnes per year, is ‘uncontrolled’ (UNEP, 2024), which means it is either openly dumped or burned.  Globally, 14% of people burn their waste as the primary means of managing it when it leaves their home, ri...

The AQMx Sectoral Guidance turns proven clean-air and climate solutions into clear, actionable steps towards policies and measures that reduce air pollutants and short-lived climate pollutants. Each guidance package breaks down what to do, how to do it, and what capacities are needed at national and local levels to deliver results. It brings together the best available knowledge from partner organ...

38% of global waste (810 million tonnes per year) is ‘uncontrolled’ (UNEP 2024), which meaning it is openly dumped or burned instead of being safely collected and treated. About 14% of people burn their waste at home because collection services are unreliable or unaffordable, and this figure reaches 41% in some regions such as East Africa.  The challenge is growing. As consumption patterns ch...

38% of global waste (810 million tonnes per year) is ‘uncontrolled’ (UNEP 2024), which meaning it is openly dumped or burned instead of being safely collected and treated. About 14% of people burn their waste at home because collection services are unreliable or unaffordable, and this figure reaches 41% in some regions such as East Africa.  The challenge is growing. As consumption patterns ch...

38% of global waste (810 million tonnes per year) is ‘uncontrolled’ (UNEP 2024), which meaning it is openly dumped or burned instead of being safely collected and treated. About 14% of people burn their waste at home because collection services are unreliable or unaffordable, and this figure reaches 41% in some regions such as East Africa.  The challenge is growing. As consumption patterns ch...

38% of global waste (810 million tonnes per year) is ‘uncontrolled’ (UNEP 2024), which meaning it is openly dumped or burned instead of being safely collected and treated. About 14% of people burn their waste at home because collection services are unreliable or unaffordable, and this figure reaches 41% in some regions such as East Africa.  The challenge is growing. As consumption patterns ch...