The Chemical Mass Balance (CMB) Model EPA-CMB v8.2 is one of several receptor models that has been applied to air quality problems over the last two decades. Based on an effective-variance least squares method (EVLS), EPA has supported CMB as a regulatory planning tool through its approval of numerous State Implementation Plans (SIPs) which have a source apportionment component. CMB requires speci...

The Positive Matrix Factorization Model is a multivariate factor analysis tool that decomposes a matrix of speciated sample data into two matrices: factor contributions and factor profiles. These factor profiles need to be interpreted by the user to identify the source types that may be contributing to the sample using measured source profile information, and emissions or discharge inventories....

Ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is the world’s leading environmental health risk factor. Reducing the PM2.5 disease burden requires specific strategies that target dominant sources across multiple spatial scales. We provide a contemporary and comprehensive evaluation of sector- and fuel-specific contributions to this disease burden across 21 regions, 204 countries, and 200 sub-national are...

Source apportionments have become increasingly performed to determine the origins of ambient particulate pollution. The results can be helpful in designing mitigation strategies to improve air quality. Source specific particulate matter (PM) concentrations are also being used in health effects studies to be able to focus attention on those sources most likely to be responsible for the observed adv...

For reducing health impacts from air pollution, it is important to know the sources contributing to human exposure. This study systematically reviewed and analysed available source apportionment studies on particulate matter (of diameter of 10 and 2.5 microns, PM10 and PM2.5) performed in cities to estimate typical shares of the sources of pollution by country and by region. A database with city s...

This report contains a guide and a European harmonised protocol prepared within the framework of the Working Group 3 on source apportionment of the Forum for Air Quality Modelling in Europe (FAIRMODE). It has been initiated as a JRC initiative for the harmonisation of source apportionment with receptor models, in collaboration with FAIRMODE as well as with the European networks in the field of air...

For reducing health impacts from air pollution, it is important to know what sources (e.g. transportation, power generation) contribute to human exposure, and by how much. The source apportionment database is a systematic collection of available source apportionment studies on particulate matter in from cities all over the world...

This chapter provides guidance for reporting complete, consistent and transparent national greenhouse gas inventories, regardless the method used to produce the data. The framework for reporting emissions and removals provided in the Revised 1996 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories (1996 Guidelines, IPCC, 1997) has been further elaborated for the 2006 IPCC Guidelines for Nation...

This report assesses the capacity of 30 cities in India and attempts to generate information on what is required for these cities to improve management capacity. Cities were assessed using Clean Air Asia’s Clean Air Asia’s Scorecard Tool (CAST). This is an objective and comprehensive analysis tool for understanding the air quality management status in cities and identifying areas for improvement w...

This technical document is intended to aggregate potential policy-relevant solutions to control air pollution and improve health in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). The goal is to take an evidence-based approach to identify actions that may be applicable and encouraged to improve air quality management in cities and, through their influence, at the national level. Examples of activities t...