She Drives Change: A Toolkit for Redefining Opportunities for Women in Transport is a comprehensive resource designed to empower transport sector professionals and policy makers to address disparities in mobility, employment, and entrepreneurship between women and men within the transport sector. The objective of this toolkit is to provide users with a structured approach to identifying and addres...

Background: Street vending, a dominant occupation in urban areas of developing countries exposes the vendors to several environmental pollutants. Authors investigated whether work as street vendor impairs foetal growth and shortens gestational duration, and evaluated to what extent exposure to traffic-related air pollution is responsible for these adverse effects.Methods: A cross-sectional study w...

Oil price increases that began in late 2020 have led to a global proliferation of liquid fuel subsidies and price controls, as governments sought to reduce, redistribute, or delay the impact of rising and volatile energy prices on consumers. This report draws on two new global databases developed by the World Bank to examine petroleum product pricing regimes and consumer price subsidies implemente...

HIGHLIGHTSMuch has been written about scaling climate finance, but less is known about its use in specific sectors, such as transport. Authors examined the landscape of international climate finance for transport in Asia, Africa, and Latin America, looking at 839 transport projects and conducting 14 case studies. The international climate finance mechanisms they studied included climate funds, mul...

Since the first edition of the Blended Finance Guidance in 2020, the blended finance industry has experienced significant growth and evolution. Blending is no longer an innovative approach; it is a well-known and widely used method for providers of development finance and the private sector to work together and leverage each other’s resources and knowledge. Yet it still faces important challenges....

The Black Carbon Finance Study Group report finds that existing funds are already in a position to finance businesses, activities, technologies, and policies that will contribute to cutting black carbon emissions, and that several black carbon-rich sectors are sufficiently mature to absorb finance. The report also outlines key strategies and steps needed to scale up black carbon finance over time....

In March 2022, the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) launched a Resilience Package to support resilience and livelihoods in Ukraine and affected countries. Under this Resilience Package, the EBRD structured a blended finance solution to support the construction of the Nadezhda Terminal in Western Ukraine – a multi-purpose logistics hub for the reception, storage, and tranship...

In 2002, the Partnership for Clean Fuels and Vehicles (hereafter referred to as PCFV or the Partnership) was launched at the World Summit on Sustainable Development (WSSD) in Johannesburg, South Africa. This voluntary, global, public-private partnership promotes the reduction of air pollution from vehicles in developing and transitional countries through three campaigns: (1) the Lead Campaign, aim...

Based on experience in OECD countries, this book provides a comprehensive discussion of the effectiveness of environmentally related taxes, of recent research on the environmental and economic impacts of applying them, an on their potential for wider use. In particular, it looks at how to overcome obstacles to their implementation. It also discusses the environmental and economic effects of combin...

The EU customs laboratories provide the scientific expertise needed for customs and tax authorities.Their main tasks include:chemical analyses to determine the tariff classification, level of duties and other taxes,control of dangerous substances (e.g., pesticides, pollutants, narcotics, illegal medicines, etc.),determining the authenticity of products and tracking counterfeit,providing overall sc...