Projections are a tool to assess what might happen if countries take (or had taken) no action (‘without measures’ (WOM)), what might be achieved with actions that countries are committed to (‘with existing measures’ (WEM) or sometimes simply known as ‘with measures’ (WM)) and what else could be done (‘with additional measures’ (WAM)). These three scenarios should be assessed using the same set of ...

The Biogenic Emission Sources webpage published by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) provides an overview of biogenic emissions and the tools used to estimate their contribution to air pollutant emissions inventories. It describes the major natural sources of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), including vegetation, soils, and other ecosystems, and explains their role in atmospheric ch...

The Joint Global Change Research Institute (JGCRI) of the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) is the home and primary development institution for GCAM, a multisector model for exploring consequences of and responses to global to local changes and stressors. Regional energy, water, land, and economic systems are connected to the rest of the globe through trade and interactions with environ...

Air pollution is a major sustainability challenge – and future anthropogenic precursor and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions will greatly affect human well-being. While mitigating climate change can reduce air pollution both directly and indirectly, distinct policy levers can affect these two interconnected sustainability issues across a wide range of scenarios. Authors help to assess such issues by ...

This presentation gives an overview of the IPCC Guidance on National Greenhouse Gas Inventories:Purpose and focus:The guidelines help countries estimate and report GHG emissions reliably.The guidelines provide methods and tools for consistently compiling GHG inventoriesOut of scope:The guidelines don’t assess the potential of emission reduction measures or mitigation strategies.The guidelines are ...

The purpose of this annex is to describe the Quality Assurance/Quality Control (QA/QC) procedures and information quality considerations that are used throughout the process of creating and compiling the Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks. This includes the evaluation of the quality and relevance of data and models used as inputs into the Inventory; proper management, incorporati...

This is the 2019 refinement to the corresponding chapter in the 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gases Inventories....

India is a rapidly developing economy with interrelated air quality, sustainable development, and climate change mitigation goals. There are unique challenges to achieving each of these goals as well as potential tradeoffs among them. This study examines the implications of possible future energy, climate, and air pollution control policies and measures in India through 2050. Authors take a scenar...

This U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) report reviews the state of Health Impact Assessment (HIA) practice in the United States by examining 81 completed HIAs across a range of sectors, including transportation, land use, energy, housing, and natural resource management. The report assesses how HIAs are being conducted, identifies current best practices, and evaluates the extent to which ...

This Health Canada guidance provides a framework for assessing the potential human health effects of air quality within federal impact assessments for major resource and infrastructure projects. It outlines the principles, methodologies, and information expected by Health Canada when reviewing impact statements, helping proponents evaluate how project-related air emissions may affect nearby popula...