Improving cooking technologies in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) households is necessary and needs to be done immediately. In this context, well-designed policies, programs and their implementation are essential. This monograph provides policy-makers with key elements aimed at improving clean cooking strategies. These are based on: (1) an analysis of previous experiences in LAC; (2) identif...

This report is structured according to the directional organization of the study. Chapter 2 presents an overview of household cooking fuels in Indonesia, including policy changes and other factors that influence fuel choices. Chapter 3 examines an array of stove supply side issues, including market and production capacity, popular stove models, limitations of business models, key features of the s...

This toolkit champions the use of the Service Design method of journey mapping to support further human centred innovations throughout the MECS programme. This toolkit was developed based on the use of journey maps by the SD4MECS team in the CREST trial Living Lab. The purpose of the toolkit is to enable application of this method to other field trials of modern energy cooking services within the ...

The IEA’s flagship World Energy Outlook (WEO) is the most authoritative source of global energy analysis and projections. Updated annually to reflect the latest energy data, technology and market trends, and government policies, it explores a range of possible energy futures and their implications for energy security, access and emissions.The WEO covers the whole energy system, using a scenario-ba...

The Global Electrification Platform (GEP) is an open access, interactive, online platform that allows for overview of electrification investment scenarios for a selection of countries. The scenarios present pathways for achieving universal electricity access (grid, mini-grid and SHS), split into an intermediate strategy for 2025 and full electrification by 2030. The results of the model indicate t...

This document contains a set of questions essential to monitor SDG indicator 7.1.2 on primary reliance on clean fuels and technologies, as well as SDG 7.1.1 on the proportion of the population with access to electricity. These questions were developed by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the World Bank Group in consultation with a diverse group of stakeholders convened in a set of several ex...

Ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is the world’s leading environmental health risk factor. Reducing the PM2.5 disease burden requires specific strategies that target dominant sources across multiple spatial scales. We provide a contemporary and comprehensive evaluation of sector- and fuel-specific contributions to this disease burden across 21 regions, 204 countries, and 200 sub-national are...

Direct exposure to household fine particulate air pollution (HAP) associated with inefficient combustion of fuels (wood, charcoal, coal, crop residues, kerosene, etc.) for cooking, space-heating, and lighting is estimated to result in 2.3 (1.6–3.1) million premature yearly deaths globally. HAP emitted indoors escapes outdoors and is a leading source of outdoor ambient fine particulate air pollutio...

Crop Residue Burning (CRB) or open burning of vegetation to prepare land for resowing remains a persistent issue globally. This practice is especially prevalent among farmers growing paddy, wheat, sugarcane, and maize (FAOSTAT, 2023).  Between 2003 and 2020, an average of 81 million hectares (Hall et al., 2024) of cropland area was burned annually. Deeply rooted in agricultural traditions, CR...

Waste management in the small island communities of the Maldives is challenging due to the fragility of the low-lying islands and the logistical complexities of a geographically dispersed setting. The Soneva Namoona team is developing a holistic sustainable waste management model that is suited to the context of such islands. In this article, authors present the findings of household-level waste s...