This East African Community (EAC) standard (DEAS 1047:2021) sets requirements and test approaches for vehicular exhaust emission limits, covering multiple vehicle categories (including passenger cars, commercial vehicles, motorcycles, and motor tricycles).​It can be used as a technical and regulatory reference for jurisdictions developing or updating vehicle emissions standards and associated comp...

This ECOWAS supplementary act relates to harmonization in a regional regulatory context and is presented as a legal instrument supporting coordinated standards and enforcement approaches across member states.​It can be used as a reference when discussing regional alignment of vehicle-related standards and procedures that underpin emissions control and compliance in cross-border vehicle markets....

Vietnam's air quality has declined over the past few decades, especially in urban areas. There is a noticeable decrease in air quality in certain areas due to vehicle emissions. This article aims to assess the automotive emission standards of Asian nations and draw comparisons with Vietnam's emission laws. However, there are significant differences between the present emis...

This European Parliamentary Research Service (EPRS) briefing on the “Roadworthiness package” summarizes EU policy and legislative context around vehicle roadworthiness, including periodic technical inspection and related measures.​It can support policy design discussions on inspection regimes, compliance systems, and governance arrangements that also influence vehicle emissions performance in-use....

UNITAR’s Road Safety Initiative webpage presents online training and resources related to road safety, positioned within UNITAR’s broader capacity-building offerings.​It can support transport-focused capacity building that links safer road systems with co-benefits for emissions reduction strategies (e.g., safer, better-managed fleets and enforcement).​...

Regulation (EC) No 715/2007 is a core EU legal act setting type-approval requirements for emissions from light passenger and light commercial vehicles under the Euro 5 and Euro 6 framework, alongside provisions on access to repair and maintenance information.​It is commonly used as a benchmark for jurisdictions designing light-duty emissions standards, compliance frameworks, and supporting provisi...

This Science Advances research article examines how on-road remote sensing can rapidly identify high-emitting vehicles and evaluates associated air-quality benefits.​It is a useful evidence base for monitoring and enforcement strategies that prioritize high emitters and complement emissions standards and inspection/maintenance programs.​...

This European Commission guidance note describes best practices for preparing, conducting, and following up on on-road emissions tests using Portable Emissions Measurement Systems (PEMS) for light-duty vehicles.​It supports capacity building for real-driving emissions (RDE) style testing by detailing recommended procedures, instrumentation considerations, and data recording parameters....

The Kuala Lumpur Transport Strategic Plan (ASEAN Transport Strategic Plan) 2016–2025 is a regional policy framework guiding ASEAN transport cooperation and integration, setting goals, actions, and milestones across transport sub-sectors including sustainable transport.​It is a useful reference for aligning national or subnational transport and air-quality measures with regional priorities, includi...

This position paper examines the role of vehicle inspection and maintenance (I&M) programmes in managing emissions from in-use vehicles in India and identifies several areas where the current system could be strengthened. It outlines options for improving inspection procedures, including the use of updated testing methods, on-board diagnostics (OBD), remote sensing, and more advanced testing f...