Climate change mitigation, air quality and health (CLIMAQ-H) is software developed by the WHO Regional Office for Europe for quantifying the consequences for human health and its related costs achieved by improving national air quality by reducing domestic carbon emissions. The tool is used to analyse the policies for mitigation of carbon emissions reported in nationally determined contributionssu...

The W+ Standard is the only women-specific standard that measures women’s empowerment in a transparent and quantifiable manner, through the analysis of data collected within projects and communities. It provides a market-based mechanism that recognizes and rewards women’s contributions to economies, environments and communities. It was developed in 2014 by gender and monitoring and evaluation expe...

Methodology for quantifying and monitoring emissions reductions and climate impacts due to black carbon and other SLCPs to drive finance into projects with rapid climate and local health benefits....

HEAT for walking and cycling is a user-friendly, web-based tool used to estimate the health and economic impacts of increased walking and cycling. In its current version the HEAT tool supports assessments of the health and economic impacts of walking and cycling on premature mortality in an integrated manner through changes in physical activity levels, exposure to air pollution while walking or cy...

The Benefits of Action to Reduce Household Air Pollution (BAR-HAP) tool is a planning tool for assessing the costs and benefits of different interventions that aim to reduce cooking-related household air pollution. BAR-HAP is a resource in WHO’s Clean Household Energy Solutions Toolkit (CHEST). The tool includes 16 different cleaner cooking transitions from more polluting stoves and fuels to clean...

This study sets out to calculate the economic costs of premature mortality from air pollution to strengthen the business case for governments to act ambitiously in reducing pollution. It uses both a forgone output and welfare based approach to estimate the financial and economic costs of air pollution globally based on 2013 statistics....

This report provides an estimate of the global, regional, and national costs of health damage—that is, premature mortality and morbidity—from exposure to ambient PM2.5 air pollution in 2016. While recognizing the various costs of air pollution to society, this report focuses on the cost of premature mortality and morbidity due to ambient air pollution, the world’s leading environmental health risk...

This report provides a comprehensive assessment of the economic consequences of outdoor air pollution in the coming decades, focusing on the impacts on mortality, morbidity, and changes in crop yields as caused by high concentrations of pollutants. Unless more stringent policies are adopted, findings point to a significant increase in global emissions and concentrations of air pollutants, with sev...

New work by IIASA under a 2021-2023 United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) project aims to show that quantifying the cost of inaction on air pollution can help ASEAN countries build stronger investment cases for action and support the development of more integrated, science-based policy measures. Three initial assessments in Cambodia, Indonesia, and Thailand found the cost of inaction for the...

The economic costs associated with the negative impacts of air pollution caused by Europe’s industrial plants are substantial. The methods of estimating the damage or ‘external’ costs associated with industrial pollution’s impacts on human health, ecosystems, infrastructure and climate continue to evolve. This briefing presents the latest assessment of the trends in externalities of industrial air...