This working paper evaluates the costs and benefits, in the form of avoided social costs, of advanced vehicle emission and fuel quality standards in Indonesia....

This report is a cross-sectional study, with retrospective and prospective data collection, using a mix of methods: questionnaire application, interviews with medical and non-medical personnel and government officers, and a review of the literature. It looks into the economic impacts to health caused by air pollution....

Within the framework of the REEEM project this report analyses health impacts and external costs due to air pollution as one indicator of a sustainable energy system as part of the REEEM Work Package 5 on Environment, Health and Resources. To achieve clean air and a low-carbon society, climate change mitigation and air pollution control policies need to be considered simultaneously in an integrate...

Economics plays a vital role in health policy-making and investments to reduce air pollution; in helping to understand the costs of health care; and in determining nations’ wealth and ability to invest in health and well-being....

The article highlights the effect of air pollution on worker's productivity suggesting that improved environmental quality can likely enhance productivity through the creation of healthier workfroce. The same way goes with improved air quality leading to improvements in worker productivity at the micro level across a range of sectors including agriculture, manufacturing, and the service sectors....

This report uses new modeling tools to examine the full range of benefits ambitious climate mitigation policies can produce across the transportation, industry and building sectors in the United States, China, the European Union, India, Mexico and Brazil. This report also describes the multiple benefits of four development project simulations scaled up to the national level. The report builds on r...

In Brazil, where the transport sector is one of the biggest contributors to air pollution in cities, replacing conventional buses with electric vehicles can save lives and positively impact the economy. This is what ImpactAr tool, a technical note and a valuation model, demonstrates. Developed in partnership with the Children’s Investment Fund Foundation (CIFF), ImpactAr provides the magnitude of ...

This report represents part of a joint study by the World Bank and the Institute of Health Metrics and Evaluation at the University of Washington, Seattle (IHME) of the global economic costs of air pollution. The study, supported by the World Bank’s Pollution Management and Environmental Health (PMEH) program, aims to raise awareness about the severity of air pollution around the world and to stre...

Central Asia experiences frequent sand and dust storms (SDS), which have been made worse by human activity. The main objective of this study is to provide an economic analysis of the benefits of afforestation of the former Aral Seabed in Uzbekistan. The objective of this study is to estimate economic benefits attributed to afforestation of the former Aral Seabed in Uzbekistan. Proper estimation an...

This chapter presents a methodology that will enable the user, having knowledge of the source being controlled, to produce study-level estimates of the costs incurred by regulated entities for a control system applied to that source. The methodology, which applies to each of the control systems included in this Manual, is general enough to be used with other “add-on” systems as well. Further, the ...