Cost of Inaction

The report aims to encourage ratification and implementation of the protocols to the Convention, in particular the Protocol to Abate Acidification, Eutrophication and Ground-level Ozone, as amended in 2012, demonstrating to policymakers the comparison of the costs of inaction on air pollution – defined as the damage to health, ecosystems and economy – with the costs of taking action, defined as the costs of abatement measures.